生物基微塑料对蚯蚓的生物效应

Biological effects of bio-based microplastics on earthworms

中文关键词: 生物基微塑料  氧化应激  脂质过氧化  土壤生物效应

英文关键词: bio-based microplastics  oxidative stress  lipid peroxidation  soil biological effects

中文摘要:

      随着生物基塑料的发展和应用，关于生物基微塑料在土壤环境中的生物效应，在相关领域引起了越来越多的重视和关注．以蚯蚓为受试生物，考察了4种生物基微塑料(聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)、聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)、聚2，5-呋喃二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEF)和聚乳酸(PLA))对蚯蚓的生物效应，并与石油基微塑料(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET))进行了对比研究．结果表明，生物基微塑料对蚯蚓的生长产生抑制作用，并诱导产生氧化应激和脂质过氧化；同时，生物基微塑料会抑制蚯蚓神经传递酶的活性，对神经系统造成损伤．微塑料对蚯蚓的生物效应与微塑料的种类、浓度和暴露时间均密切相关，不同种类微塑料对蚯蚓生物指标的影响具有显著性差异，且生物基微塑料普遍大于石油基微塑料．但是，采用综合生物标志物响应指数评价结果表明，生物基微塑料与石油基微塑料对蚯蚓的生物效应无显著性差异．研究结果为探究不同来源(生物基或石油基)微塑料的生物效应提供了研究基础，为评估生物基微塑料的环境风险提供了基础数据．

英文摘要:

      With the development and application of bio-based plastics, the biological effects of bio-based microplastics (MPs) in the soil environment have attracted more and more attention and concern in related fields. Using earthworms as test subjects, the biological effects of four bio-based MPs (polybutylene succinate (PBS), polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), polyethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate (PEF) and polylactic acid (PLA)) on earthworms are investigated and compared with petroleum-based MPs (polyethylene terephthalate (PET)). The results show that bio-based MPs inhibit the growth of earthworms and induce oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. At the same time, bio-based MPs can inhibit the activity of earthworm neurotransmitters and cause damage to the nervous system. The biological effects of MPs on earthworms are closely related to the species, concentration and exposure time of MPs. There are significant differences in the effects of different types of MPs on earthworm biological indicators, and the effects of bio-based MPs are generally greater than those of petroleum-based MPs. However, the results of integrated biomarker response index evaluation show that there is no significant difference in the biological effects of bio-based MPs and petroleum-based MPs on earthworms. The results of the study provide a research basis to explore the biological effects of MPs from different sources (bio-based or petroleum-based) and basic data for the environmental risk assessment of bio-based MPs.